underwater fireworks, fireworks making and combustion of alcohol, alcohol rockets, etc.
Fireworks are one of the exciting experiments for children. Please be careful about your safety and enjoy yourself.
Experiment 1: Let's do fireworks in the water!
Fireworks ... I think everyone has done it. The combination of a substance with oxygen is called oxidation, and the violent one is called combustion. Fireworks have a substance containing oxygen (oxidizing agent) in their gunpowder, and they oxidize more violently. It continues to burn even in water. Be sure to use fireworks wrapped in solid paper. If the whole gunpowder gets wet, you can't do it well.
you need : Fireworks, water soup
The photo above is a photo of commercial fireworks in water. Since the fireworks themselves contain an oxidizing agent such as potassium nitrate containing oxygen, they continue to burn even in water. Then, this time I will try to make fireworks.
Fireworks are basically made of a combination of gunpowder (black powder) and metal (coloring).
Experiment 2: Let's make fireworks!
First of all, make black powder. Mix well in the ratio of potassium nitrate 5: sulfur 1: charcoal 1 as described above. At this time, please do it gently. It's easier to use a plastic spatula on paper. I put magnesium in the metal this time. Fill the finished fireworks with a small spatula and place it on the rough side of the flower paper as shown in the photo. It is 1/4 of one sheet. This is twisted and finished. The photo below is the one that ignited it.
In this way, fireworks can be made by coloring gunpowder containing an oxidizer. Although it is this color, substances such as metals are very easy to develop. Well known as the flame reaction. Place the metal flame reaction underneath.
From Canon Science Lab
As shown in the figure on the left, metals and the like have a structure in which the outermost electrons easily jump out. Therefore, when energy is received, the electron moves from its original orbit to another orbit. It then releases energy to produce a color of a particular wavelength in order to return to its original orbit. This color is determined by the atom. (See photo above)
Experiment 3: Alcohol burning experiment
you need : Large graduated cylinder, ethanol, dropper, match
Put ethanol in a graduated cylinder and let it blend in while turning. Remove excess ethanol. After that, it is effective to darken the room just by throwing in the match and igniting it. It will be used for the introduction of the next alcohol rocket.
Experiment 4: Let's fly an alcohol rocket ①
you need : Aluminum cans, ethanol, droppers, paper cup rockets, igniters
First, put about 0.5 ml of ethanol in an aluminum can. Be sure to remove excess ethanol. Warm the aluminum can to vaporize ethanol. Please warm with both hands. When ignited, it makes a noise and flies.
For student experiments, it may be safer to ignite with a piezoelectric igniter. Piezoelectric devices can also be made by extending the cord from an electronic lighter, so you don't have to buy expensive equipment.
Experiment 5: Let's fly an alcohol rocket ②
you need : plastic bottles, caps, ethanol, matches
This experiment is for demonstration purposes. Soak a plastic bottle (preferably round) with ethanol. Ignite it, but leave it on the desk. If you cover the lid with a hole (about 3 to 5 mm) and ignite it, it will emit a flame and fly to the side for about 5 m.
Please pay attention to safety.