stereoscopic vision,Anaglyphs, holograms,
The human brain can perform complicated calculations, but it is an illusion, which is surprisingly easy. This is in this case in evolution. Because I have experienced and judged. This is an experiment on the mechanism of such an illusion.
Experiment 1: Creation of anaglyph
you need : Paper, Red and Blue Pencil, Red and Blue Plastic :, Anaglyph Maker
When processing photos Anaglyph Maker (You can easily download it with Bector etc. There are various other software, but the one that can turn one photo into anaglyph is easier.)
People can see things three-dimensionally because they have two eyes. As shown in the figure on the left, the object appears to shift slightly between the right eye and the left eye. Due to this deviation, it can be recognized three-dimensionally.
Make parallax with red and blue glasses and look three-dimensional at the intersection
Ordinary pictures do not look three-dimensional. The picture on the left is intended to be Doraemon, but it is flat no matter how you look at it. Why doesn't it look three-dimensional? That's because both the right and left eyes are looking at images with no parallax.
Therefore, this deviation is artificially created. Draw a red line for the right eye. Draw a blue line for the left eye. You can see that there is a gap in the positional relationship with the house behind. Then, these two pictures are overlapped to make one picture. However, if it is left as it is, it will look double and dazzle.
Therefore, wear blue glasses to show only red to the right eye. Then the blue line will be hard to see. Similarly, wear red glasses on your left eye to show only the blue line. This creates parallax and allows you to see in three dimensions. If you use image processing software such as anaglyph maker, you can easily shift one photo by red and blue colors.
Especially when there is a whitish part, the three-dimensional effect seems to increase. Please try various processing.
Although it is red-blue glasses, the blue color of recent cellophane is lighter. If you use blue in duplicate, the three-dimensional effect will increase.
Experiment 2: Creating VR goggles
Material: 2 convex lenses with a focal length of about 10 cm, 2 paper cups, 3D video (many on the net) Make a hole in the paper cup and attach the convex lens. After that, I will try to match the 3D video with a paper cup. At this time, adjust the width so that the field of view seen from the paper cup becomes one circle. Adjust the size of the video so that it just fills the field of view of the paper cup. The reason why it looks three-dimensional is that it shows an image with parallax on the left and right.
The convex lens expands the video to the full field of view, increasing the sense of presence. Also, if you use a smartphone, you can see it as it is.
Experiment 3: Let's see the hologram on a personal computer or smartphone
you need : Plastic plate (large side dish lid), cellophane tape, scissors, hologram video
Make an equilateral triangle with a side of 12 cm from a plastic plate. (In the case of a smartphone, one side is 6 cm) Cut horizontally at a height of about 9 cm to make a trapezoid. Make 4 pieces and make the pyramid stand upside down. The screen is ready.
Download the hologram video on youtube. Prepare a video with videos in 4 directions as shown in the picture. After that, set the screen to the center of the video and play it. Make the room reasonably dark.
The reason why a solid appears to emerge is that it is easy for the brain to recognize it as a solid when it sees a shaded image.
Experiment 4: Let's watch the scanimation (para-para video)
Scanimation is a mechanism to feel the movement in the image. When the brain sees a similar image, it recognizes it as the same picture and has the property of continuously capturing it. The picture on the far left has two pictures, red and blue. If you use a grid to show two pictures in order, they will be recognized as continuous. There are many scanimations for download at the URL above, so please take a look.
Experiment 5: Let's make a deformed solid. (The illusion of the brain and the truth reflected in the mirror)
you need : Toilet paper core, scissors, mirror
Cut the toilet paper core in half. Add a wavy line as shown in the picture below. Cut it with scissors.
If you look at the cut piece from diagonally above 45 °, it looks like a circle, although it is a little distorted. This is due to the nature of the brain, which tries to recognize shapes even if it is slightly distorted. A slight deviation will be overlooked. If you put a mirror behind it, it looks like a rectangle. This is because the exact location of the mirror is determined by the position and distance of the cut. This is because it does not make judgments like the human brain.
If you place the solid in the opposite direction, it will now appear as a circle in the mirror.
This experiment is quoted from the website of Professor Sugihara of Meiji University.
Summary:
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It is an illusion of the brain that people mistake it for a three-dimensional object. The image on the left looks convex on the left and concave on the right. The image on the right is a 180 ° rotation of this. After all it looks the same. This is in the shaded position of the image. The sun comes from above, so if it is convex, it will cast a shadow below. If it is concave, there will be a shadow on it. The brain recognizes. At the time of this pattern, I roughly understand that this is the case. It was acquired in the process of evolution, and this saves energy. Please think about the mystery of the brain from such a thing.